Oil-burner



T. B. FERGUSON.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. Ii. ISIIQ.

Patented July 19, 1921.

THOMAS B. FERGUSON, OF NEWARK, JERSEY, .ASSIGNOR TO FERGUSON FORGE ENGINEERING CO., A. CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

OIL-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 19, 1921.

Application led December 6, y19119. Serial No. 342,944.

Z'o all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, THOMAS B. FERGUSON, a citizen ofthe United States, and a resident of Newark, county of Essex,l and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, ofwhich the following is a specification. This invention relates to an improved burner for burning kerosene and similar oils,

both light and heavy, and providing or air, which passes through such inner nozzle, so that there is a preliminary gasifying or vaporizing which increases the efficiencyv -of the burner.

The invention is further designedto provide a burner of this kind in which the parts are disposed so that the flame will not be ex tinguished by reason of being blown out or what might be termed sucked out, thus insuring constant ignition of the gaseous mixture which is projected from thenozzle.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure'l is a' side view of my improved burner. Fig. 2 is a central verticaly section of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-section of the nozzle of the burner and its shield, taken` on line 3--3 in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged section of an improvedl oil filler used in connection with the burner.,

The burner is illustrated as mounted on a plate 10, which is preferably inclined and at the forward end has the fiat ignition plate 11, which is used for thereception of oil used in the preliminar ignition of the coils when the burner is to e started, vThe burner itself is preferably mounted so that it can be tilted slightly to adjust it` to project the flame where desired, the burner sometimes being used where such change of direction is necessary, the burner being adapted for household use, such as in house heaters, also' for larger furnaces and for brazing outdoors and in other situations.

. In the form shown, the bearings 12 receive the ear 13 of the nozzle, the bolt 14 acting as a pivot. The nozzle 15 is elongated in its preferred form, and is provided on the back with la fixture 16. The fixture 16 is screwed into the back of the nozzle and has a passage 17 which is fed by means of a pipe 18, which is connected with a vaporizing coil 19 which receives its supply from the oil feed pipe 20, which oil feed pipe is connect'ed up,'usuall through a valved connection, with a suitable source of oil supply, which is not shown.

I prefer to cleanse the oil before it arrives at the vaporizing coil, and for` this purpose I install afilter 21 which has a cylinder 22 in the casing 23, which cylinder has its upper end provided with a sieve 24, usually of wire cloth, the lower part of the cylinder vproviding a reservoir 25 into which sediment will settle, and it has a hand piece or thumb piece 2G by mea'ns of which it is inserted into and removed from the casing of the filter. der permit the oil to flow into the cylinder, and it then passes out through the sieve 24. Any sediment being projected against the sieve finds its way to the bottom part of the cylinder and the filter only needs cleaning at intervals.

lVithin the main nozzle is Ian inner nozzle 28, which is preferably .secured by screwing it in the end of the fixture 16, the inner nozzle and the main nozzle being spaced apart so as to provide an annular chamber 29, and the inner nozzle being elongated, it is subjected for the major portion of its length to the action of the hot oil vapor which passes through the chamber 29. The fixture is provided with a stuffing box 30, through which passes a stem 31, the stem 31 also passing through the inner nozzle and, being somewhat smaller than the inner nozzle, provides an annular space for the passage of steam, the stem having on its end a pin 32 which is adapted to be projected forward, when desired, to pass through the orifices of the inner and outer nozzles, these orifices 33 in the main nozzle and 34 in the inner nozzle being alined.

The rear end of the stem 31 is provided with means for manually operating the stem, in the form shown this consisting of a. han-` lil) die 35 hinged to the back end of the stem and also hinged to a lug 36 which is secured to the ear 13 or other suitable support, and a quick forward movement of the handle and its immediate withdrawal forces the pin 32 out through the orifices and quickly with-f vdraws it aga-in, thus keeping the orifices clear and cleaning them both at the same time. This does not interfere with the op-` eration of the burner, and this cleaning takes place at Iany time that it is desired tol de so. Spaced from the nozzle, and surrounding it, is a shell 37, usually made in two parts and held together by screws 38 passing through the ears on the two members of the shell, the shell permitting air to pass through it and mingle with themixture coming out'of the orifices 33, the shell 37 being spaced from the nozzle usually by separated lugs on the inside ofthe shell, as will be clearly evident.

The front end of the shell has yan opening 39, through which the mixture passes', the mixture then passing through the coil lining 40, the coil lining being inside of the coil 19 and the lining being preferably provided with suitable perforations 4l.l The coil 42 isl also arranged around the coil lining 40, this coil being' supplied by the feed pipe 43, then extending, by means of the pipe 44, to a connection with thefixture, where it passes into the passage which is inconnection with the inside of the inner nozzle 28.

Suitably supported, and in the type shown being supported on the forward end of the shell, is a shield 46 which is adjustable, this adjustment being usually provided by means of screws 47,0r similar means, so that the shield 46 can be tilted to the proper angle, and it is also spaced a slightl distance transversely from the end of the shield so that air can pass through it to mingle with the flame.

When the shield is tilted, so that its front i edge just touches the top edge of the jet projecting from the nozzle, it prevents the fia-me from being extinguished by reason of the .force of the being blown out or sucked out through` matter issuing from the nozzle.

.TWhen this burner is in operation the fuel passes' through the nozzle and becomes ignited, is prevented from being the. shieldl 46, 'and it heats the the kcoils 19 and 42, and while such lining is notessential, it is desirable, as when made of fire brick or similar heat resisting mate-v rial,'it becomes very hot, holds its heat, to

. some extent resists the action of the flame and acts to re-ignite the flame on yany momentary cessation, for any reason, of the How of fuel. The hot steam passing through' the pipe 44 and then into the inner nozzle is prevented from condensing to any appreciable extent by reason of the major portion of the length of the innei1 nozzle being sur- 4said feeding means including blown out by-Y lining 40 ofV rounded by the hot fuel vapor passing through the main nozzle on its way to the orifices 33.

For thepurpose of converting the burner to using a heavy oil l provide it with an inlet 48, normally having a. cap 4,9 thereon, this inlet 48 being used,in the case of heavy oil, for the purpose of feeding oil thereto. The pipe 2O is'then used for conducting steam to the burner' and the pipe 44 is use-d for conducting air. This makes the burner easily adapted for the consumption of heavy oil, so that it can be used in many instances in-conjunction with the heavier oils, but it is illustrated as being connected' up for use with the lighter oils.

I claim:

1. An oil burner comprising a nozzle with an orifice inthe end and having means for supplying it with fluid fuel, said means in- 85 cluding a vaporizing coil, an inside nozzle for steam, the nozzles having alined orifices, the major portion of the length of the inner nozzle being exposed to the action of the hot steam passing through the main nozzle.

2. An oil burner g comprising a nozzle, means for feeding fluid fuel to the nozzle, said means including a vaporizing coil in the path of a flame issuing from the nozzle, an inner nozzle, each nozzle having an orifice, the orfices being` alined, the inner nozzle having the major portion of its length exposed to the action of thehot fuel in the main nozzle-.awstem passing through the inner nozzle and "having Vits rear end projecting so as to be manually manipulated, and a pin on the front end of the stein and adapted to be projected outwardly through both orifices.'

3. An oil burner comprising an elongated nozzle, an elongated inner nozzle, the two nozzles being spaced apart to provide an annular chamber, a fitting in the rear of the nozzle having a passage therein coinniunicating with the annular chamber, feeding means connected with;` the said passage, a vaporizing coil, said fitting havingna passage for steam, and a 4feeding means for conducting steam 115 to the passage, said feeding means including -aacoiha'djacen't tothe vaporizing coil, the major portion of the inner nozzle being exposed to the heat of the fuel in the chamber, each nozzle having an orifice, the ori- 120 iices being substantially in line.

4. An oil burner comprising an elongated nozzle, an elongated inner nozzle, the two nozzles being spaced apart to provide an annular chamber, a fitting in the rear of 125 the nozzle having a passage therein communicating with the annular chamber, feeding means connected with the said passage, said feeding means including a vaporizing coil, said fitting having al passage for steam, 130

a feeding means for conducting steam to the passage, said feeding means including a coil adjacent to the vaporizing coil, the major portion of the inner nozzle being exposed to the heat of the fuel in the chamber, each nozzle having an orifice, the orifices being substantially in line, and a coil lining Within the vaporizing coil, said lining being made of material having fire resisting properties.

5. An oil burner comprisingan elongated nozzle, an elongated inner nozzle, the two nozzles being spaced apart to provide an annular chamber, a fitting in the rear ofthe nozzle having a passage therein communicating With the annular chamber, feeding means connected with the said passage, said feeding means including a vaporizing coil, said fitting having a passage for steam, a feeding means for conducting steam to the passage, said feeding means including a coil adjacent to the vaporizing coil, the major portion of theinner nozzle being exposed to the heat of the fuel in the chamber, each nozzle having an orifice, the orifices being substantially in llne, and a tapered coil lining around which the coils are arranged,

said lining being made of fire'resisting 'material and having perforations disposed over its surface.

6. An oil burner comprising an elongated nozzle, an elongated inner nozzle, the tWo nozzles being spaced apart to provide an annular chamber, a fittingv4 in the rear of the nozzle having a passage therein communicating with the annular chamber, feeding means connected With the said passage, said feeding means including a vaporizing coil, said fitting having a'lpassage for steam, a feeding means for conducting steam to the passage, said feeding means including a coil adjacent to the vaporizing coil, the ma'- jor portion of the inner nozzle being ex: posed to the heat of the fuel in the chamber, each nozzle having an orifice, the orifices being substantially inline, a stem passing through the fixture of the inner nozzle and having a pin on its forward end adapted to be projected outward through the alined orifices, and means on the outer end of the stem for manipulating it. y

ln testimony that I claim the foregoing, I have hereto set my hand, this 5th day of December, 1919.

lTetonas e. FERGUSON. 

